在上一篇文章中,我们初步体验了下sentinel的流量控制,流量控制通常都是在调用端进行控制,那么如果某一个服务每次都报错呢,那么这里我们了可以用熔断降级的策略。如果在固定时间内服务报错了规定的次数,我们就不在执行正常业务逻辑了,直接执行备用的方法,这样对系统性能和用户体验都比较好,我们来试试吧!
1、环境准备
五、springCloudAlibaba-sentinel的初步使用
2、熔断规则
List<DegradeRule> degradeRules = new ArrayList<>();DegradeRule degradeRule = new DegradeRule();degradeRule.setResource(BREAK_RESOURCE_NAME);//设置规则策略,异常数degradeRule.setGrade(RuleConstant.DEGRADE_GRADE_EXCEPTION_COUNT);//触发熔断异常数:2degradeRule.setCount(2);//触发熔断最小请求数:4degradeRule.setMinRequestAmount(4);//熔断时长,单位为秒,一旦触发了熔断,再次请求对应的接口就会直接调用降级方法,这个跟之前的流量控制还是有区别的//10秒过后会变成半开的状态,恢复接口请求调用,如果第一次请求异就异常,将会再次熔断degradeRule.setTimeWindow(10);degradeRule.setStatIntervalMs(60*1000);degradeRules.add(degradeRule);DegradeRuleManager.loadRules(degradeRules);
3、请求方法
@RequestMapping("/break")@SentinelResource(value = BREAK_RESOURCE_NAME, blockHandler = "exceptionHandler2")public String breakA(String id) {throw new RuntimeException("报错了");}// Block 异常处理函数,参数最后多一个 BlockException,其余与原函数一致.public String exceptionHandler2(String id, BlockException ex) {// Do some log here.// ex.printStackTrace();return "被熔断了"+id;}
4、启动测试
我们可以发现,请求第五次就返回了被熔断提示,这是因为我们设置了最小请求是4,等10s后再请求用进入了业务逻辑,此时业务逻辑还是报错,那么再次请求就继续熔断了!
5、总结
其他规则用法大体跟流量控制和熔断限流差不多,根据官网即可
6、这两节的全部代码
Controller类
package com.suibibk.springCloud.order.controller;import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.Entry;import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.SphU;import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.RuleConstant;import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.degrade.DegradeRule;import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.degrade.DegradeRuleManager;import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.FlowRule;import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.FlowRuleManager;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;@RestController@RequestMapping("/order")public class OrderController {public static final String HELLO_RESOURCE_NAME = "hello";public static final String USER_RESOURCE_NAME = "user";public static final String BREAK_RESOURCE_NAME = "break";@RequestMapping("/hello")public String hello(){// 1.5.0 版本开始可以直接利用 try-with-resources 特性try (Entry entry = SphU.entry(HELLO_RESOURCE_NAME)) {// 被保护的逻辑return "hello world";} catch (BlockException ex) {// 处理被流控的逻辑return "被限流了";}}@PostConstructprivate void initFlowRules(){List<FlowRule> rules = new ArrayList<>();FlowRule rule = new FlowRule();rule.setResource(HELLO_RESOURCE_NAME);rule.setGrade(RuleConstant.FLOW_GRADE_QPS);// Set limit QPS to 20. 这里表示超过1秒的频率就会限流rule.setCount(1);rules.add(rule);FlowRule rule2 = new FlowRule();rule2.setResource(USER_RESOURCE_NAME);rule2.setGrade(RuleConstant.FLOW_GRADE_QPS);// Set limit QPS to 20. 这里表示超过1秒的频率就会限流rule2.setCount(1);rules.add(rule2);FlowRuleManager.loadRules(rules);List<DegradeRule> degradeRules = new ArrayList<>();DegradeRule degradeRule = new DegradeRule();degradeRule.setResource(BREAK_RESOURCE_NAME);//设置规则策略,异常数degradeRule.setGrade(RuleConstant.DEGRADE_GRADE_EXCEPTION_COUNT);//触发熔断异常数:2degradeRule.setCount(2);//触发熔断最小请求数:4degradeRule.setMinRequestAmount(4);//熔断时长,单位为秒,一旦触发了熔断,再次请求对应的接口就会直接调用降级方法,这个跟之前的流量控制还是有区别的//10秒过后会变成半开的状态,恢复接口请求调用,如果第一次请求异就异常,将会再次熔断degradeRule.setTimeWindow(10);degradeRule.setStatIntervalMs(60*1000);degradeRules.add(degradeRule);DegradeRuleManager.loadRules(degradeRules);}/*** exceptionHandler :被流控降级的方法,默认该方法必须声明在同一个类中,一定是public,返回值跟原方法一致* @param id* @return*/@RequestMapping("/user")@SentinelResource(value = USER_RESOURCE_NAME, blockHandler = "exceptionHandler")public String user(String id) {return "返回用户成功"+id;}// Block 异常处理函数,参数最后多一个 BlockException,其余与原函数一致.public String exceptionHandler(String id, BlockException ex) {// Do some log here.ex.printStackTrace();return "被限流了"+id;}@RequestMapping("/break")@SentinelResource(value = BREAK_RESOURCE_NAME, blockHandler = "exceptionHandler2")public String breakA(String id) {throw new RuntimeException("报错了");}// Block 异常处理函数,参数最后多一个 BlockException,其余与原函数一致.public String exceptionHandler2(String id, BlockException ex) {// Do some log here.// ex.printStackTrace();return "被熔断了"+id;}}
启动类
package com.suibibk.springCloud.order;import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.aspectj.SentinelResourceAspect;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;/*** Hello world!*/@SpringBootApplicationpublic class OrderApplication {public static void main( String[] args ) {SpringApplication.run(OrderApplication.class,args);}@Beanpublic SentinelResourceAspect sentinelResourceAspect(){return new SentinelResourceAspect();}}
