Docker安装mysql5.7中文保存乱码的解决方案

我们再用docker安装好mysql容器后，保存中文会全部变成？号，那时因为在docker上部署mysql时，mysql的默认字符集是latin1，这样如果日后有中文会出现异常，不能存储等，因为latin1是不支持中文的。安装方法参考docker-6-docker快速安裝MySQL，下面公布下我的解决方案。

将之前的容器删除

docker stop mysql3308
docker rm mysql3308

创建配置文件挂载点

mkdir -p /data/mysql/mysql.conf.d

在该挂载点创建配置文件mysqld.cnf，也就是最后面加上如下内容

[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

这里，网上的都是启动容器后直接进入容器中修改/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf这个文件，然后就要安装vim什么的，我觉得太麻烦了，就直接挂载出来即可。所有内容如下，只需要拷贝进去即可。

# Copyright (c) 2014, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
#
# The MySQL  Server configuration file.
#
# For explanations see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html
[mysqld]
pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
#log-error      = /var/log/mysql/error.log
# By default we only accept connections from localhost
#bind-address   = 127.0.0.1
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

创建容器

执行下面的语句创建容器即可，这里指定了名称为mysql3308,宿主机端口为3308，数据和配置文件的挂载，数据是为了以后备份，所以也挂载出来，并且我还担心容器不小心被删除了然后数据也不见了，所以这里挂载出来比较好。然后还设置了编码。

docker create --name mysql3308 -v /data/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -v /data/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -p 3308:3306 mysql:5.7 --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci

挂载用-v,密码设置用-e，这里是123456。

启动容器，完成

docker start mysql3308

总结

启动安装是很简单的，但是我们要记住，数据和配置文件要挂载，并且编码格式要为utf-8,顺便说一句，我这里用mysql5.7的原因就是为了，引擎Innodb的全文索引和中文分词。顺便列一些docker的简单命令

docker stop mysql3308 #停止容器
docker start mysql3308 #启动容器
docker ps
docker ps -a
docker images 
docker rm 容器ID或者民称
docekr rmi _镜像ID